Phonograph - Wikipedia. Edison cylinder phonograph, circa 1. Close up of the mechanism of an Edison Amberola, manufactured circa 1. A late 2. 0th- century turntable and record. The phonograph is a device, invented in 1.

In American English, "phonograph", properly specific to machines made by Edison, was sometimes used in a generic sense as early as the 1890s to include cylinder. You have not yet voted on this site! If you have already visited the site, please help us classify the good from the bad by voting on this site.

In its later forms, it is also called a gramophone (as a trademark since 1. UK since 1. 91. 0), or, since the 1. The sound vibration waveforms are recorded as corresponding physical deviations of a spiral groove engraved, etched, incised, or impressed into the surface of a rotating cylinder or disc, called a . Download Cracked Vray For Sketchup 2017 there. To recreate the sound, the surface is similarly rotated while a playback stylus traces the groove and is therefore vibrated by it, very faintly reproducing the recorded sound. In early acoustic phonographs, the stylus vibrated a diaphragm which produced sound waves which were coupled to the open air through a flaring horn, or directly to the listener's ears through stethoscope- type earphones. The phonograph was invented in 1.

Thomas Edison. His phonograph originally recorded sound onto a tinfoil sheet wrapped around a rotating cylinder. A stylus responding to sound vibrations produced an up and down or hill- and- dale groove in the foil. Alexander Graham Bell's Volta Laboratory made several improvements in the 1. In the 1. 89. 0s, Emile Berliner initiated the transition from phonograph cylinders to flat discs with a spiral groove running from the periphery to near the center. Later improvements through the years included modifications to the turntable and its drive system, the stylus or needle, and the sound and equalization systems.

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The disc phonograph record was the dominant audio recording format throughout most of the 2. From the mid- 1. 98. Records are still a favorite format for some audiophiles and by DJs and turntablists in hip hop music, electronic dance music and other styles. Vinyl records are still used by some DJs and musicians in their concert performances. Some electronic dance music.

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DJs and music producers continue to release their recordings on vinyl records. The original recordings of musicians, which may have been recorded on tape or digital methods, are sometimes re- issued on vinyl. Terminology. In more modern usage, the playback device is often called a . When used in conjunction with a mixer as part of a DJ setup, turntables are often colloquially called .

In later electric phonographs (more often known since the 1. The similar related terms gramophone (from the Greek . The roots were already familiar from existing 1. The new term may have been influenced by the existing words phonographic and phonography, which referred to a system of phonetic shorthand; in 1.

The New York Times carried an advertisement for . In the late- 1. 9th and early- 2. Originally, . After the introduction of the softer vinyl records,  3. Often the home record player was part of a system that included a radio (radiogram) and, later, might also play audiotape cassettes. From about 1. 96. But it was then considered strictly incorrect to apply it to Emile Berliner's upstart Gramophone, a very different machine which played discs. By the time of the First World War, the mass advertising and popularity of the Victor Talking Machine Company's Victrolas (a line of disc- playing machines characterized by their concealed horns) was leading to widespread generic use of the word .

Manufacturers, however, typically advertised such combinations as . Portable record players (no radio included), with a latched cover and an integrated power amplifier and loudspeaker, were fairly common as well, especially in schools and for use by children and teenagers.

In the years following the Second World War, as . By about 1. 98. 0 the use of a . Through all these changes, however, the discs have continued to be known as . The Grammy trophy itself is a small rendering of a gramophone, resembling a Victor disc machine with a taper arm. Modern amplifier- component manufacturers continue to label the input jack which accepts the output from a modern magnetic pickup cartridge as the . The phonograph's predecessors include . Java 2 Platform Download Api Design And Implementation Pdf File there.

Recordings made with the phonautograph were intended to be visual representations of the sound and were not to be reproduced as sound until 2. Cros's paleophone was intended to both record and reproduce sound but had not been developed beyond a basic concept at the time of Edison's successful demonstration of the Phonograph in 1. Phonautograph. In this device, sound waves travelling through the air vibrated a parchment diaphragm which was linked to a bristle, and the bristle traced a line through a thin coating of soot on a sheet of paper wrapped around a rotating cylinder. The sound vibrations were recorded as undulations or other irregularities in the traced line. Scott's phonautograph was intended purely for the visual study and analysis of the tracings. Reproduction of the recorded sound was not possible with the original phonautograph.

In 2. 00. 8, phonautograph recordings made by Scott were played back as sound by American audio historians, who used optical scanning and computer processing to convert the traced waveforms into digital audio files. These recordings, made circa 1. French songs and a recitation in Italian. On April 3. 0, 1. French Academy of Sciences, a standard procedure used by scientists and inventors to establish priority of conception of unpublished ideas in the event of any later dispute.

This metal surface would then be given the same motion and speed as the original recording surface. A stylus linked to a diaphragm would be made to ride in the groove or on the ridge so that the stylus would be moved back and forth in accordance with the recorded vibrations.

It would transmit these vibrations to the connected diaphragm, and the diaphragm would transmit them to the air, reproducing the original sound. An account of his invention was published on October 1. Cros had devised a more direct procedure: the recording stylus could scribe its tracing through a thin coating of acid- resistant material on a metal surface and the surface could then be etched in an acid bath, producing the desired groove without the complication of an intermediate photographic procedure. He had died in 1.

First phonograph. The visitor without any ceremony whatever turned the crank, and to the astonishment of all present the machine said: . How do you do? How do you like the phonograph? The platen had a spiral groove on its surface, like the disk. Over this was placed a circular disk of paper; an electromagnet with the embossing point connected to an arm traveled over the disk; and any signals given through the magnets were embossed on the disk of paper.

If this disc was removed from the machine and put on a similar machine provided with a contact point, the embossed record would cause the signals to be repeated into another wire. The ordinary speed of telegraphic signals is thirty- five to forty words a minute; but with this machine several hundred words were possible.

This pulley was connected by a cord to a little paper toy representing a man sawing wood. Hence, if one shouted: ' Mary had a little lamb,' etc., the paper man would start sawing wood. I reached the conclusion that if I could record the movements of the diaphragm properly, I could cause such records to reproduce the original movements imparted to the diaphragm by the voice, and thus succeed in recording and reproducing the human voice.

Over this was to be placed tinfoil, which easily received and recorded the movements of the diaphragm. A sketch was made, and the piece- work price, $1. I was in the habit of marking the price I would pay on each sketch. If the workman lost, I would pay his regular wages; if he made more than the wages, he kept it. The workman who got the sketch was John Kruesi. I didn't have much faith that it would work, expecting that I might possibly hear a word or so that would give hope of a future for the idea. Kruesi, when he had nearly finished it, asked what it was for.