Plymouth - Wikipedia. Plymouth ( ( listen)) is a city on the south coast of Devon, England, about 3. Exeter and 1. 90 miles (3. London, between the mouths of the rivers Plym to the east and Tamar to the west where they join Plymouth Sound to form the boundary with Cornwall.

Plymouth's early history extends to the Bronze Age, when a first settlement emerged at Mount Batten. This settlement continued as a trading post for the Roman Empire, until it was surpassed by the more prosperous village of Sutton founded in the ninth century, now called Plymouth. In 1. 62. 0, the Pilgrim Fathers departed Plymouth for the New World and established Plymouth Colony – the second English settlement in what is now the United States of America.

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During the English Civil War the town was held by the Parliamentarians and was besieged between 1. Throughout the Industrial Revolution, Plymouth grew as a commercial shipping port, handling imports and passengers from the Americas, and exporting local minerals (tin, copper, lime, china clay and arsenic) while the neighbouring town of Devonport became a strategic Royal Naval shipbuilding and dockyard town. In 1. 91. 4 three neighbouring independent towns, viz., the county borough of Plymouth, the county borough of Devonport, and the urban district of East Stonehouse were merged to form a single County Borough. The combined town took the name of Plymouth which, in 1.

The city's naval importance later led to its targeting and partial destruction during World War II, an act known as the Plymouth Blitz. After the war the city centre was completely rebuilt and subsequent expansion led to the incorporation of Plympton and Plymstock along with other outlying suburbs in 1. The city is home to 2. United Kingdom and the second- largest city in the South West, after Bristol. It is governed locally by Plymouth City Council and is represented nationally by three MPs. Plymouth's economy remains strongly influenced by shipbuilding and seafaring including ferry links to Brittany (Roscoff and St Malo) and Spain (Santander), but has tended toward a service- based economy since the 1.

It has the largest operational naval base in Western Europe – HMNB Devonport and is home to Plymouth University. History. In the late fifteenth century, Plymouth Castle, a . In 1. 51. 2 an Act of Parliament was passed for further fortifying Plymouth, and a series of fortifications were then built, including defensive walls at the entrance to Sutton Pool (across which a chain would be extended in time of danger).

By the mid- 1. 7th century commodities manufactured elsewhere in England cost too much to transport to Plymouth and the city had no means of processing sugar or tobacco imports, although it did play a relatively small part in the Atlantic slave trade during the early 1. Further docks were built here in 1. In 1. 71. 2 there were 3. He was acquainted with engineer John Smeaton, the builder of the third Eddystone Lighthouse. Numerous technical difficulties and repeated storm damage meant that it was not completed until 1. Rennie's death. Flying boats operated from Mount Batten.

It was an important embarkation point for US troops for D- Day. This was largely due to Plymouth's status as a major port. The army had substantially left the city by 1.

Taking over office from her husband Waldorf Astor, Lady Astor was a vibrantly active campaigner for her resident constituents. Plymouth was granted city status on 1. October 1. 92. 8.

This led to Plymouth lobbying for the creation of a Tamarside county, to include Plymouth, Torpoint, Saltash, and the rural hinterland. All powers returned when the city become a unitary authority on 1 April 1. Banham Commission. The position is elected each year by a group of six councillors. Plymouth Sound is protected from the sea by the Plymouth Breakwater, in use since 1. Rocks brought down the Tamar from Dartmoor include ores containing tin, copper, tungsten, lead and other minerals.

This means a wide range of exotic plants can be grown. The annual mean temperature is approximately 1.

Due to the modifying effect of the sea the seasonal range is less than in most other parts of the UK. Snow is rare, not usually equating to more than a few flakes, but there have been exclusions, namely the European winter storms of 2.

January, covered Plymouth in at least 1 inch (2. Another period of notable snow occurred from 1. December 2. 01. 0 when up to 8 inches (2. Over the 1. 96. 1–1. Coastal areas have average annual sunshine totals over 1,6. The Atlantic depressions are more vigorous in autumn and winter and most of the rain which falls in those seasons in the south- west is from this source.

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Average annual rainfall is around 9. November to March have the highest mean wind speeds, with June to August having the lightest winds. The predominant wind direction is from the south- west. On average, 4. 2.

During the winter half of the year, the coldest night will typically fall to . The college is ranked 8th out of 3.

UK in 2. 01. 1 for medicine. The City College Plymouth provides courses from the most basic to Foundation degrees for approximately 2. It was started 1. UK. The college closed in 1. Manadon. This was renamed Dockyard Technical College in 1. University of Southampton.

The Plymouth Marine Laboratory is an offshoot of the MBA. Together with the National Marine Aquarium, the Sir Alister Hardy Foundation for Ocean Sciences, Plymouth University's Marine Institute and the Diving Diseases Research Centre, these marine- related organisations form the Plymouth Marine Sciences Partnership. The Plymouth Marine Laboratory, which focuses on global issues of climate change and sustainability. It monitors the effects of ocean acidity on corals and shellfish and reports the results to the UK government. It also cultivates algae that could be used to make biofuels or in the treatment of waste water by using technology such as photo- bioreactors.

It works alongside the Boots Group to investigate the use of algae in skin care protects, taking advantage of the chemicals they contain that adapt to protect themselves from the sun. The city's average household size was 2.

The population rose rapidly during the second half of the 1. Plymouth's gross value added (a measure of the size of its economy) was 5,1.

GBP in 2. 01. 3 making up 2. Devon's GVA. Life expectancy, at 7. South West of England.

Millbay is being regenerated with mixed residential, retail and office space alongside the ferry port. Within the city it is designated as 'The Parkway' and represents the boundary between the urban parts of the city and the generally more recent suburban areas. Heading east, it connects Plymouth to the M5 motorway about 4. Exeter; and heading west it connects Cornwall and Devon via the Tamar Bridge.

Fly. Plymouth has put forward plans to reopen the city airport by 2. London. There are proposals to reopen the line from Tavistock to Bere Alston for a through service to Plymouth. The line was closed. Network Rail began repair work . The portion of people without a religion is 3. From 1. 96. 1 to 2. The team's home ground is called Home Park and is located in Central Park.

All four clubs play in the South West Peninsula League. Other sports clubs include Plymouth Albion R. F. C. Plymouth Albion Rugby Football Club is a rugby union club that was founded in 1. Professional English Rugby.

They play at the Brickfields. They play at the Plymouth Pavilions entertainment arena and were founded in 1. Plymouth Devils are a speedway team in the British National League. Plymouth is also home to Plymouth Marjons Hockey Club, with their 1st XI playing in the National League last season. Plymouth is an important centre for watersports, especially scuba diving and sailing. Spring Jdbctemplate Batch Update Rollback Windows. The Port of Plymouth Regatta is one of the oldest regattas in the world, and has been held regularly since 1. In September 2. 01.

Plymouth hosted the America's Cup World Series for nine days. Prior to the 1. 97. Tsx Hid Fog Light Install more.

Plymouth County Borough Corporation. They carried water from Dartmoor to Plymouth.